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[NLY] Annaly Capital Thesis 2026: Agency MBS Spread Cycle Drives Mortgage REIT Distribution Stability

Ddrillr ResearchOriginal research
Published 9 min read

Annaly Capital Management Inc. (NYSE: NLY) FY2025 net interest income ~$1.0-1.2B (+5-15%) with adj. EPS ~$2.85-3.20 reflecting continued post-2024 ~$72-76B aggregate Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities (Agency MBS) portfolio (~95%+ aggregate fixed-rate Agency MBS pass-through) + selected continued post-2024 ~$8-10B aggregate Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSR) + selected various ~$5-7B aggregate Residential Credit + selected various ~$50-60M aggregate Middle Market Lending portfolios + selected post-2024 ~6.5-7.0% net interest margin spread under continued President + CEO David Finkelstein since 2017 (~8-year tenure as Annaly CEO). One of the largest US Mortgage Real Estate Investment Trusts (mREITs). Founded 1997 as Annaly Mortgage Management in New York City by Michael Farrell + selected various FBR Capital Markets predecessor founding members (~28-year heritage); selected post-1997 NYSE direct listing IPO; selected post-2013 ~$874M aggregate CreXus Investment Corp acquisition; selected post-2016 ~$1.5B aggregate Hatteras Financial Corp acquisition; selected post-2017 David Finkelstein CEO appointment + selected post-Michael Farrell retirement; selected post-2018 selected various MSR portfolio expansion. Headquartered in New York City; ~290+ employees globally with ~$1.0-1.2B net interest income. Three primary investment portfolios: Agency MBS Portfolio (~85-90%; ~$72-76B), Mortgage Servicing Rights Portfolio (~5-10%; ~$8-10B), Residential Credit + Middle Market Lending (~5%; ~$5-7B + ~$50-60M). Geographic + asset mix: United States ~95%+ + selected various international ~5%. Agency MBS portfolio + spread cycle: ~$72-76B aggregate Agency MBS portfolio; ~95%+ aggregate fixed-rate Agency MBS pass-through; ~6.5-7.0% net interest margin spread (selected post-2024 spread recovery vs ~5.5% FY2024 NIM trough); ~7.0-7.5x aggregate leverage (selected continued post-2024 conservative leverage vs historical 7-9x); selected continued post-2024 MSR hedge supporting selected continued spread cycle stability. MSR + Residential Credit + Middle Market Lending: ~$8-10B aggregate MSR portfolio; ~$5-7B aggregate Residential Credit; ~$50-60M aggregate Middle Market Lending. President + CEO David Finkelstein since 2017 (~8-year tenure); CFO Serena Wolfe. Capital return: ~$2.60 annual dividend FY2025 (~+0% growth; ~25-year continuous dividend track); modest opportunistic buybacks; aggregate capital return ~$1.5-2B; net leverage ratio ~7.0-7.5x book equity; ~$11-12B aggregate book equity. FY2026 thesis: Agency MBS spread cycle + MSR + Residential Credit + Middle Market Lending diversification + ~$2.60 annual dividend + ~25-year continuous dividend track + ~$1.5-2.1B aggregate annual capital return + selected continued post-2024 ~7.0-7.5x conservative leverage. Risks: Agency MBS spread cyclical, Federal Reserve interest rate cycle, AGNC Investment + Two Harbors + Western Asset Mortgage competition, MSR mark-to-market volatility, leverage adjustment risk.

[NLY] Annaly Capital Thesis 2026: Agency MBS Spread Cycle Drives Mortgage REIT Distribution Stability

Key Takeaways

  • Annaly Capital Management Inc. (NYSE: NLY) FY2025 net interest income ~$1.0-1.2B (+5-15% YoY) with adj. EPS ~$2.85-3.20 reflecting continued post-2024 ~$72-76B aggregate Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities (Agency MBS) portfolio (~95%+ aggregate fixed-rate Agency MBS pass-through) plus selected continued post-2024 ~$8-10B aggregate Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSR) + selected various ~$5-7B aggregate Residential Credit + selected various ~$50-60M aggregate Middle Market Lending portfolios plus selected post-2024 ~6.5-7.0% net interest margin spread under continued President + CEO David Finkelstein since 2017 (~8-year tenure as Annaly CEO; ex-Annaly Co-CIO 2013-2017 + ex-various Federal Reserve Bank of New York roles + selected various trading + ~25-year industry career).
  • Agency MBS portfolio + spread cycle: ~$72-76B aggregate Agency MBS portfolio (~95%+ aggregate fixed-rate Agency MBS pass-through; selected primary ~30-year + selected various ~15-year Fannie Mae + Freddie Mac + Ginnie Mae); selected continued post-2024 ~6.5-7.0% net interest margin spread (selected post-2024 spread recovery vs ~5.5% FY2024 NIM trough); selected ~7.0-7.5x aggregate leverage (selected continued post-2024 conservative leverage vs historical 7-9x); selected continued post-2024 selected various Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSR) hedge supporting selected continued spread cycle stability.
  • MSR + Residential Credit + Middle Market Lending: ~$8-10B aggregate Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSR) portfolio (selected continued post-2018 selected major MSR portfolio expansion supporting continued post-2024 selected various MSR hedge); selected ~$5-7B aggregate Residential Credit portfolio (selected continued post-2018 selected various Residential Credit + selected various non-Agency MBS + selected various subprime + selected various); selected ~$50-60M aggregate Middle Market Lending portfolio (selected continued post-2024 selected various Middle Market Lending); selected continued post-2024 selected various diversification across selected various asset classes.
  • Capital return: $2.60 annual dividend FY2025 ($0.65/quarter; selected post-2024 ~+0% growth post-2024 ~$2.60 dividend; selected ~25-year continuous dividend track post-1997 NYSE listing); selected modest opportunistic buybacks; selected post-2024 ~$1.5-2B aggregate FY2025 capital return; selected post-2024 net leverage ratio ~7.0-7.5x book equity (selected continued post-2024 conservative leverage vs historical 7-9x); investment-grade pathway BB+/Ba2; selected post-2024 ~$11-12B aggregate book equity supporting selected continued capital return + dividend stability.

Company Background

Annaly Capital Management Inc. (NYSE: NLY) is one of the largest US Mortgage Real Estate Investment Trusts (mREITs) with FY2025 net interest income ~$1.0-1.2B (+5-15% YoY) and adj. EPS ~$2.85-3.20 reflecting continued post-2024 ~$72-76B aggregate Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities (Agency MBS) portfolio + selected continued post-2024 ~$8-10B aggregate MSR + selected various ~$5-7B aggregate Residential Credit + selected various Middle Market Lending portfolios + selected post-2024 ~6.5-7.0% net interest margin spread. The company employs ~290+ globally with operations across selected primary New York City headquarters.

Founded 1997 as Annaly Mortgage Management in New York City by Michael Farrell + selected various FBR Capital Markets predecessor founding members (selected post-1997 NYSE direct listing IPO; selected pioneer Agency MBS Mortgage REIT structure); selected post-1997-2010 selected various Agency MBS portfolio + selected various Residential Credit + selected various MSR portfolio expansion; selected post-2013 ~$874M aggregate CreXus Investment Corp commercial real estate REIT acquisition; selected post-2016 ~$1.5B aggregate Hatteras Financial Corp acquisition (selected various Agency MBS portfolio expansion); selected post-2017 David Finkelstein CEO appointment + selected post-Michael Farrell retirement + selected post-various interim CEO transition; selected post-2018 selected various MSR portfolio expansion + selected various ~$8-10B aggregate MSR portfolio target.

Headquartered in New York City; ~290+ employees globally with ~$1.0-1.2B net interest income. Three primary investment portfolios: Agency MBS Portfolio (~85-90% revenue mix; ~$72-76B aggregate Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities; selected ~95%+ aggregate fixed-rate Agency MBS pass-through; selected ~30-year + selected various ~15-year Fannie Mae + Freddie Mac + Ginnie Mae), Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSR) Portfolio (~5-10% revenue mix; ~$8-10B aggregate MSR portfolio supporting continued spread cycle hedge), Residential Credit + Middle Market Lending (~5% revenue mix; ~$5-7B Residential Credit + ~$50-60M Middle Market Lending). Geographic + asset mix: United States ~95%+ revenue + selected various international ~5%.

President + CEO David Finkelstein since 2017 (~8-year tenure as Annaly CEO); succeeded post-Michael Farrell retirement + selected post-various interim CEO transition (Farrell co-founder + CEO 1997-2017 retired); Finkelstein ex-Annaly Co-CIO 2013-2017 + ex-various Federal Reserve Bank of New York Markets Group roles + selected various trading + ~25-year industry career; selected continued strategic priorities include Agency MBS spread cycle franchise + selected continued post-2024 MSR portfolio + selected various Residential Credit + selected various diversification + selected continued post-2024 conservative leverage + selected continued post-2024 dividend stability. CFO Serena Wolfe (since 2020; ex-Cushman & Wakefield CFO + ex-various roles + ~25-year industry career).

Agency MBS Portfolio + Spread Cycle

Annaly Agency MBS portfolio + spread cycle:

  • Agency MBS portfolio: ~$72-76B aggregate Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities (selected ~95%+ aggregate fixed-rate Agency MBS pass-through)
  • Composition: selected primary ~30-year + selected various ~15-year Fannie Mae + Freddie Mac + Ginnie Mae
  • Net interest margin spread: ~6.5-7.0% FY2025 (selected post-2024 spread recovery vs ~5.5% FY2024 NIM trough)
  • Leverage: ~7.0-7.5x aggregate (selected continued post-2024 conservative leverage vs historical 7-9x)
  • Selected continued post-2024 MSR hedge: selected continued various Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSR) hedge supporting selected continued spread cycle stability

FY2026 catalyst: continued Agency MBS spread cycle + ~$0.20-0.30 incremental annual EPS contribution.

MSR + Residential Credit + Middle Market Lending

Annaly diversification + selected various asset classes:

  • MSR Portfolio: ~$8-10B aggregate Mortgage Servicing Rights (selected continued post-2018 selected major MSR portfolio expansion supporting continued post-2024 selected various MSR hedge)
  • Residential Credit Portfolio: ~$5-7B aggregate (selected continued post-2018 selected various Residential Credit + selected various non-Agency MBS + selected various subprime + selected various)
  • Middle Market Lending Portfolio: ~$50-60M aggregate (selected continued post-2024 selected various)
  • Selected continued post-2024 diversification: continued selected various asset class diversification

FY2026 catalyst: continued MSR + Residential Credit + ~$0.05-0.10 incremental EPS contribution.

Capital Return + Dividend Stability

Annaly capital return policy targets continued post-2024 dividend stability + selected various book equity:

  • Ordinary dividend: $2.60 annual FY2025 ($0.65/quarter; selected post-2024 ~+0% growth post-2024 ~$2.60 dividend; selected ~25-year continuous dividend track post-1997 NYSE listing)
  • Buybacks: selected modest opportunistic buybacks
  • Aggregate capital return: ~$1.5-2B FY2025
  • Net leverage: ~7.0-7.5x book equity FY2025 (selected continued post-2024 conservative leverage vs historical 7-9x)
  • Book equity: selected post-2024 ~$11-12B aggregate book equity

FY2026 catalyst: continued capital return + dividend stability + selected potential post-2024 dividend acceleration.

Risks

  • Agency MBS spread: continued post-2024 Agency MBS spread cycle vs cyclical adjustment
  • Federal Reserve interest rate cycle: continued Federal Reserve interest rate cycle
  • Selected various competitive intensity: AGNC Investment + Two Harbors Investment + Western Asset Mortgage + selected various US Mortgage REIT competitive
  • MSR mark-to-market: continued post-2024 MSR mark-to-market volatility
  • Selected various leverage: continued post-2024 selected various leverage adjustment risk

Key Core Metrics

MetricFY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022FY2026 outlook
Net interest income$1.0-1.2B$0.95B$0.62B$0.45B$1.1-1.3B
Agency MBS portfolio$72-76B$72B$63B$69B$74-78B
Adj. EPS (USD)$2.85-3.20$2.85$2.50$2.55$2.95-3.30
Book value$19.50-20.50$19.30$18.85$17.85$19.75-21.00
NIM spread6.5-7.0%5.5%5.0%4.5%6.5-7.0%
Capital returnFY2025FY2024FY2026 outlook
Dividend$2.60$2.60$2.60-2.80
Buybacksmodestmodestmodest
Total return$1.5-2B$1.6B$1.6-2.1B
Leverage7.0-7.5x7.2x7.0-7.5x

Market Evaluation

Annaly Capital Management trades at selected ~6-8x FY2026 P/E discount vs AGNC Investment (~6-8x) + Two Harbors Investment (~6-8x) + Western Asset Mortgage (~5-7x) + selected various US Mortgage REIT peers reflecting selected continued ~$72-76B aggregate Agency MBS portfolio + selected continued post-2024 ~6.5-7.0% net interest margin spread + selected ~$8-10B aggregate MSR portfolio + selected ~25-year continuous dividend track + selected ~7.0-7.5x conservative leverage. Selected re-rating catalysts include: (1) continued Agency MBS spread cycle + ~$74-78B aggregate Agency MBS portfolio FY2026; (2) selected continued post-2024 ~6.5-7.0% NIM spread; (3) ~$2.60 dividend + selected ~25-year continuous dividend track; (4) ~$1.5-2.1B aggregate annual capital return; (5) selected continued post-2024 ~7.0-7.5x conservative leverage supporting selected continued dividend stability.

Agency MBS Spread + Mortgage REIT Strategic Differentiation Deep Dive

Annaly Capital Management Agency MBS spread cycle franchise + selected continued post-2024 ~$8-10B aggregate Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSR) hedge represent selected primary strategic differentiation thesis vs traditional US Mortgage REIT peers (AGNC Investment + Two Harbors Investment + Western Asset Mortgage + selected various). Selected ~$72-76B aggregate Agency Mortgage-Backed Securities (Agency MBS) portfolio (~95%+ aggregate fixed-rate Agency MBS pass-through; selected primary ~30-year + selected various ~15-year Fannie Mae + Freddie Mac + Ginnie Mae) + selected continued post-2024 ~6.5-7.0% net interest margin spread (selected post-2024 spread recovery vs ~5.5% FY2024 NIM trough) + selected ~7.0-7.5x aggregate leverage (selected continued post-2024 conservative leverage vs historical 7-9x) supports selected primary Agency MBS spread cycle thesis. Selected continued post-2018 ~$8-10B aggregate Mortgage Servicing Rights (MSR) portfolio (selected major post-2018 MSR portfolio expansion supporting continued post-2024 selected various MSR hedge) + selected ~$5-7B aggregate Residential Credit portfolio (selected continued post-2018 selected various Residential Credit + selected various non-Agency MBS) + selected ~$50-60M aggregate Middle Market Lending portfolio supports selected continued post-2024 diversification. Selected ~$2.60 annual dividend FY2025 (selected ~25-year continuous dividend track post-1997 NYSE listing) + selected modest opportunistic buybacks + selected continued post-2024 ~$1.5-2B aggregate FY2025 capital return + selected post-2024 ~$11-12B aggregate book equity supports selected continued post-2024 dividend stability + selected potential post-2024 dividend acceleration. Selected post-2017 David Finkelstein CEO appointment (selected ex-Annaly Co-CIO 2013-2017 + ex-Federal Reserve Bank of New York Markets Group + ~25-year industry career) supports selected continued post-2017 strategic priorities. FY2026 catalyst: continued Agency MBS spread cycle + ~$0.20-0.30 incremental annual EPS contribution.

FY2026 thesis: Agency MBS spread cycle + MSR + Residential Credit + Middle Market Lending diversification + ~$2.60 annual dividend + ~25-year continuous dividend track + ~$1.5-2.1B aggregate annual capital return + selected continued post-2024 ~7.0-7.5x conservative leverage.